By: Moulana Muhammad bin Haroon
Source: Al-Miftah
With the sighting of the crescent of Rajab, Rasulullah (Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would anticipate and begin preparations for the month of Ramadan. This is two months in advance! People “live to see” various accomplishments in their lives, but a Believer “lives for” and yearns to witness sacred days like these.
Rajab Du’a
Sayyiduna Anas Ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that Rasulullah (Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would recite the following supplication when the Month of Rajab would commence:
اَللّٰهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَناَ فِيْ رَجَبَ وَشَعْبانَ وَبَلّغْنَا رَمَضَانْ
Allahumma barik lana fi Rajaba wa Sha’bana wa balligh na Ramadan
Translation: Oh Allah! Grant us Barakah (Blessing) during (the months of) Rajab and Sha’ban, and allow us to reach Ramadan. (Shu’abul-Iman, Hadith: 3534, Ibnu Sunni, Hadith: 660, Mukhtasar Zawaid Bazzar, Hadith: 662, also see Al-Adhkar, Hadith: 549)
Hafiz Ibn Rajab (may Allah grant him mercy) says this narration is suitable to prove the merit of reciting this du’a -“istihbab. Lataif, pg.172. To declare this du’a as baseless is exaggerate. See here for more.
Sacred Months
Rajab is the second of the “four sacred months” in the Islamic Calendar which are referred to as: “Al-Ash-hurul hurum“ (Surah Tawbah, verse: 36)
The others are: Zhul Qa’dah, Zhul Hijjah and Muharram.
Explaining their significance, the ‘Ulama mention that during these months, good deeds are more virtuous and evil deeds are more detestable to Almighty Allah. (Lataiful-Ma’arif, pg.163)
A pious person once fell ill before Rajab. He made du’a to Allah that He allow him to live till Rajab (at least) because he had heard that Allah frees people from punishment in Rajab. Allah Most High had accepted his du’a. (Latiful Ma’arif, pg.173)
Sha’ban
As for Sha’ban, authentic Hadiths describe special significance for the 15th night. (see detailed article here)
Rasulullah (Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) is reported to have said: “Certainly Almighty Allah forgives everyone on this night besides those who ascribe partners to Him and those who harbor enmity for others”.
(Sahih Ibn Hibban; Al Ihsan, Hadith: 5665, Al-Targhib, vol. 3 pg. 459, Majma’uz Zawaid, vol. 8 pg. 65 & Lataiful-Ma’arif, pg. 194)
Imam ‘Ataa Ibn Yasar (may Allah grant him mercy)- a distinguished Tabi’i- said:
“After Laylatul Qadr, there is no other night more virtuous than the middle (15th) night of Sha’ban.” (Ibid, pg. 197)
Du’as are accepted
Imam Shafi’i (may Allah grant him mercy) has stated: “I have heard that du’as are accepted by Almighty Allah on five nights:
1) The night of Jumu’ah,
2 and 3) The nights of the two ‘Eids,
4) The first night of Rajab,
5) The middle (15th) night of Sha’ban,
(Lataiful Ma’arif, pg. 196)
In fact, the experience of people prior to Islam even, shows that Allah Most High would accept their du’as during the month of Rajab. Imam Ibn Abi Dunya (may Allah grant him mercy) has cited several examples of this in his book: “Mujabu Da’wah”. (ibid)
Specific forms of worship
There are no specific types of Salah etc. that are prescribed for the Month of Rajab or the 15th night of Sha’ban. One may engage in whatever form of ‘ibadah one is comfortable with. (Lataiful Ma’arif, pg.168, Islamic Months by Mufti Taqi Uthmani, pgs. 63 and 79)
The Sahabah (may Allah be pleased with them) and the Tab’un (may Allah grant him mercy) would increase their Quranic recital during these months (especially in Sha’ban), i.e. in preparation for Ramadan. (Lataiful Ma’arif, pg. 192)
The beginning of a new season
The crescent of Rajab actually signals the start of a “New Season”. One of hope, mercy and forgiveness for a believer. This “season” only finishes three months later; on the day of Eid!
Shaykh Abu Bakr Balkhy (may Allah grant him mercy) says:
“Rajab is a month in which we plant the seeds of good. i.e, by increasing our ‘ibadah. In Sha’ban we water them, to cultivate (and reap the rewards) in Ramadan.” (Lataif, pg. 173)
Opportunities like these only come once a year. Fortunate are those who maximize their benefit there from.